Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic syndrome is not a single disease but a cluster of risk factors that significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. It is diagnosed when at least three of the following five criteria are met: abdominal obesity (women over 80 cm, men over 94 cm waist circumference), elevated blood sugar (fasting glucose over 5.6 mmol/l), high triglycerides (over 1.7 mmol/l), low HDL cholesterol (women below 1.3, men below 1.0 mmol/l), and elevated blood pressure (over 130/85 mmHg).

Metabolic syndrome affects an estimated 20-25% of adults, and its prevalence increases with age. What's particularly concerning is that the syndrome is often completely asymptomatic - a person may feel healthy even while processes are underway that lead to serious diseases over the years. This is why regular health check-ups are important.

Behind metabolic syndrome is typically insulin resistance and chronic low-grade inflammation, both of which are particularly linked to abdominal fat. Genetic predisposition, low physical activity, an unhealthy diet, and stress increase the risk.

The good news: metabolic syndrome is a reversible condition. Lifestyle changes are the primary treatment and often sufficient. Just 5-10% weight loss can normalize most risk factors. Regular exercise (at least 150 minutes per week) improves insulin sensitivity and lowers blood pressure. In nutrition, fiber, healthy fats, and reducing processed foods are emphasized. Early intervention is key - the sooner changes are made, the more effectively serious diseases are prevented. Metabolic syndrome is related to waist circumference, insulin, and overweight concepts.

Last updated: March 30, 2026